Isisaurus colberti was a sauropod dinosaur that lived in what is now India and Pakistan at the end of the Cretaceous Period, about 70-66 million years ago.
It was part of the titanosaur group of sauropods and had some unusual proportions* compared to its close relatives, with elongated forelimbs and a relatively short chunky neck. Since it’s only known from a partial skeleton its full size is unknown – estimates have been made as large as 18m long (~60′) but it was probably somewhat smaller, closer to around 11m in length (36′).
(*Measurement errors in the original paper resulted in some very weird proportions, but more recent and rigorous reconstructions have made Isisaurus not quite so cursed-looking.)
Like most other titanosaurs it probably lacked the thumb claws seen in other sauropods, and it may also have had some bony osteoderm armor studding its skin.
Coprolites that may represent Isisaurus’ poop show evidence of several different fungi that grow on tree leaves in humid tropical and subtropical climates, suggesting that this sauropod was a selective browser somewhat like modern giraffes.
References:
- Jain, Sohan L., and Saswati Bandyopadhyay. “New titanosaurid (Dinosauria: sauropoda) from the Late Cretaceous of central India.” Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17.1 (1997): 114-136. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.1997.10010958
- Naish, Darren. “The hands of sauropods: horseshoes, spiky columns, stumps and banana shapes.” Tetrapod Zoology, 29 Oct. 2008, https://web.archive.org/web/20121022121526/http://scienceblogs.com/tetrapodzoology/2008/10/29/the-hands-of-sauropods/
- Sharma, Neeta, et al. “Fungi in dinosaurian (Isisaurus) coprolites from the Lameta Formation (Maastrichtian) and its reflection on food habit and environment.” Micropaleontology 51.1 (2005): 73-82. https://doi.org/10.2113/51.1.73
- Wedel, Matt. “How
shortweird was Isisaurus?” Sauropod Vertebra Picture of the Week, Aug. 13 2009, https://svpow.com/2009/08/13/how-shortweird-was-isisaurus/ - Wikipedia contributors. “Isisaurus” Wikipedia, 27 Dec. 2024, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isisaurus
- Wilson, Jeffrey A., and Paul Upchurch. “A revision of Titanosaurus Lydekker (Dinosauria‐Sauropoda), the first dinosaur genus with a ‘Gondwanan’ distribution.” Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 1.3 (2003): 125-160. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477201903001044