Eoraptor

An illustration of the extinct early dinosaur Eoraptor, silhouetted against the rising full moon in a pink-purple evening sky.

It’s Moon Day, so let’s look at a dinosaur from the moon!

…Well, not literally. But Eoraptor lunensis‘ name means “dawn thief from the moon”, in reference to it being discovered in the Valle de la Luna (Valley of the Moon) of Ischigualasto Provincial Park, Argentina.

Living during the Late Triassic, around 231-229 million years ago, Eoraptor was one of the earliest known of all dinosaurs. Originally classified as an early theropod, it’s now thought to actually be a very early offshoot of the sauropodomorph lineage, closely related to other South American forms like Buriolestes and Pampadromeus.

It measured around 1.2m long (~4′), with leg proportions that indicate it was a fast runner. Its jaws contained both leaf-shaped and serrated pointed teeth, suggesting it may have been an opportunistic omnivore, feeding mainly on plant matter but occasionally supplementing its diet with smaller prey.

Unlike later dinosaurs it also still had vestigial palatal teeth on the roof of its mouth.

Eoraptor would have lived in a warm humid climate alongside several other early dinosaur species such as Herrerasaurus and Eodromaeus — but this was at a time before the dinosaurs had become the dominant terrestrial vertebrates, so other animals like rhynchosaurs, aetosaurs, rauisuchians, cynodonts and dicynodonts were also very abundant in the Ischigualasto ecosystem.

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